Erection is the name given for the penis when it is in a firm state in contrast to a soft or flaccid penis. This firmness of the penis is achieved when the penile muscles, the corpora cavernosa are engorged with blood. During this process, the penis also stretches to its full length to take in as much blood as possible.
Penile erection usually occurs due to stimulation sexually, but sometimes erection takes place during sleep or when the person has dreams that are erotic in nature. Men also experience erections when the bladder is full, due to the pressure or by mechanical stimulation. The exact cause of spontaneous erections is not known to anyone. The penile erection plays a crucial role in the process of intercourse, which is a process of inserting the penis into a woman’s vagina to derive sexual satisfaction. Unless the penis is hard, there is no way it can penetrate a womans vagina.
The penis has two chambers called the corpora cavernosa, which run the length of the organ. These chambers are filled by a spongy tissue. The corpora cavernosa also have a surrounding membrane that is called the tunica albuginea. The spongy tissue contains smooth muscles, spaces, veins, fibrous tissues and arteries. The urethra, which is the outlet for the ejaculate and urine is on the underside of the corpora cavernosa and is enveloped by the corpus spongiosum…,.
Penis erection happens with mental stimulation, sensory stimulation or both. The impulses sent from the brain and local nerves make the muscles of the corpora cavernosa relax and due to this relaxation, blood flows in to the penis and fills up all the spaces. This blood is kept trapped inside the penis as long as the man remains aroused or until after the sexual intercourse.
As the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum, the tubular structures fill up with blood, the penis starts expanding in length and girth, all the while stiffening and standing straight, unlike hanging down when it is flaccid. Erection is reversed when the penile muscles contract and stop the inflow of blood and open up the channels that take the blood out.
Sometimes a man is unable to achieve an erection, and this happens due to the sympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system disrupts the functioning of the parasympathetic nervous stem that is responsible for these erections. The sympathetic nervous system does this by interfering with the signals sent by the parasympathetic nervous system.
Erectile dysfunction, which is also called impotence is the name given to describe the inability to have an erection. It can either mean inability to get an erection or keep the erection firm. This problem can be caused due to several other reasons other than just lack of mood, especially in older men. These include injury, disease or even side effects due to drugs.
One of the most interesting and less known facts about a man’s errection, which most men also may not know is that erections occur after death too. This happens due to the pressure increase in the penis, when gases are accumulated and fluids sink in the body.
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